The burden of HIV and AIDS continues to pose a major challenge to Zambia's health care system. Infections of children under fourteen (14) years constitute about 10 per cent of all HIV infections in Zambia. Most of these are a result of mother-to-child transmission. Strong government involvement over the past years and the enactment of the National HIV/AIDS/STI/TB Council through an Act of parliament in 2002, has given rise to high levels of awareness on HIV and AIDS and effective interventions at different levels. However, these guidelines are meant to cater for the counselling and testing needs of children up to the age of sixteen (16) years.