These guidelines present several new recommendations, including the recommendation to provide lifelong ART to all children, adolescents, and adults, including all pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV, regardless of CD4 cell count. The guidelines emphasize on the vulnerable transition of adolescence from childhood to adulthood. These guidelines also highlight the management of patients failing second-line ART with third-line ART, who should be managed at higher-level health facilities called Advanced Treatment Centres (ATCs).